How to publish a custom task in VSTS
Introduction
In this article we will describe how we can publish a task in VSTS (Visual Studio Team Services) and use it in our build and release definitions. The task can be private (available only in our project) or publicly distributed in VSTS Marketplace.
We have used the process described here
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-gb/vsts/extend/develop/add-build-task?view=vsts
Goal
We will- Create a powershell script which gets an argument and logs the host computer name.
- Create a task in VSTS that uses this powershell script.
- Create a release definition which runs this task and shows on VSTS logging, script's output.
- Understand the underlying process.
1. Set up the environment
First of all create an account in VSTS https://www.visualstudio.com/team-services/
Create a publishing account from http://aka.ms/vsmarketplace-manage
Create a publishing account from http://aka.ms/vsmarketplace-manage
Get a text editor. https://code.visualstudio.com/
Get nodejs https://nodejs.org/en/download/
Open powershell as administrator and run the next command
npm i -g tfx-cli
2. Create your project
Go to the folder where you keep your projects and create a project with the following structure
Create empty files inside the folders. We will fill them later.
3. Create your powershell script
Create a simple script like below
param(
[string]$psargument
)
#######################################################
# Returns computer name
#######################################################
Write-Host "GetComputerName.ps1
started on $env:computername with argument $psargument" -Fore Yellow
It gets one argument and writes computer name and the argument.
Save the script under folder buildAndReleaseTask, together with task.json.
4. Prepare the task.json file
Open task.json and copy paste the following code
{
"id": "ABD573AF-2246-0FAB-13DC-ABDE3872EFCD",
"name": "GetComputerName",
"friendlyName": "Get Computer's Name",
"description": "This is a simple powershell script which
returns computer name",
"helpMarkDown": "Version 1.0",
"category": "Utility",
"visibility": [
"Build",
"Release"
],
"author": "Christos Giannoukos",
"version": {
"Major": 1,
"Minor": 0,
"Patch": 0
},
"instanceNameFormat": "Echo $(samplestring)",
"groups": [
{
"name": "advanced",
"displayName": "Advanced",
"isExpanded": false
}
],
"inputs": [
{
"name": "psargument",
"type": "string",
"label": "PowerShell
Argument",
"defaultValue": "",
"required": false,
"helpMarkDown": "a simple argument"
}
],
"execution": {
"PowerShell": {
"argumentFormat":"",
"workingDirectory": "$(currentDirectory)"
}
}
}
Study carefully this code as it describes the whole project.
First of all, give a proper ID. Follow the above format and change the hexadecimal digits as you like.
Else you are going to get id errors when uploading the extension (see section 7).
Another important section is inputs. Here you have to define the input parameters of your script.
Last, execution describes which script to run. $(currentDirectory) is the directory of the task.json file.
Target points to the file that must be executed.
Be careful for the publisher (5th setting). It must match your name in VS Publisher web page.
Target points to the file that must be executed.
5. Prepare the extension manifest file
Open vss-extension.json and copy paste the next code. Change the ids and names
{
"manifestVersion": 1,
"id": "get-my-computer-name",
"name": "GetMyComputerName",
"version": "1.0.0",
"publisher": "ChristosGiannoukos",
"targets": [
{
"id": "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Services"
}
],
"description": "Tools for building/releasing. Includes one
build/release task.",
"categories": [
"Build and release"
],
"icons": {
"default": "images/extension-icon.png"
},
"files": [
{
"path": "buildAndReleaseTask"
}
],
"contributions": [
{
"id": "GetComputerName",
"type": "ms.vss-distributed-task.task",
"targets": [
"ms.vss-distributed-task.tasks"
],
"properties": {
"name": "buildAndReleaseTask"
}
}
]
}
Be careful for the publisher (5th setting). It must match your name in VS Publisher web page.
6. Packaging the extension
It is time to package the extension and upload it to VSTS
Open powershell, go to extension's directory and run
tfx extension create --manifest-globs vss-extension.jsonAfter a while a *.vsix file will be created under extension's directory. vsix files are zip files which can be opened using tools like winzip or 7zip. Feel free to open it and understand which files it contains.32
7. Upload the extension
Go to your publishing account http://aka.ms/vsmarketplace-manage
In the web page you can see all existing published extensions and also your details.
Do you see the red triangle next to your name? This means that you are not registered to publish in VSTS MarketPlace. This extension can be used privately, only inside your VSTS accounts.
Click on New Extension->Visual Studio Team Services.
Select the vsix file and upload it.
Wait for some seconds until the file is verified.
If you get an error
"Extension validation error
The task.json for contribution
buildAndReleaseTask could not be deserialized.Error converting value
"xxxxxxxx" to type 'System.Guid'.
Path 'id', line 2, position 56."
means that your id has not the correct format. Fix it as described above.
Another common error is
"Upload Error
Publisher ID 'Christos
Giannoukos' provided in the extension manifest should match the publisher ID
'ChristosGiannoukos' under which you are trying to publish this extension."
this means that your name in VS publishing page does not match with the publisher in vss-extension.json
{
"manifestVersion": 1,
"id": "restart-biztalk-host",
"name": "Restart BizTalk Host Instance",
"version": "1.0.1",
"publisher": "ChristosGiannoukos",
change it and retry.
8. Share the extension
Click on the three dots at the right of the extension name and select Share/Unshare
Add the name of your Visual Studio account (without the .visualstudio.com) and press enter.
Go to your Visual Studio account, open the project and go to Manage extensions, top right, where the shopping bag is.
You can see all available extensions. Select the extension
Done! Let's go now and create a simple release definition.
9. Create release definition
In VSTS, go to Releases.
Create an empty Release Definition
Open Environment 1 (or any name given)
In Agent phase select the Agent queue that corresponds to your machine. If you haven't installed an agent yet, click on the gear at the center of the blue menu and then Agent Queues.
click on the + of Agent Phase
By searching, you can find your extension. Add it and configure it. There is no need to write the path as VSTS will put it in the working folder. Fill only the arguments and any additional options.
Save release definition and add new release. Go to the log to see the results.
SUCCESS!!!!!
Understanding the process
When you add a new release, the agent which runs on your machine does among the others, two things:
- copies the extension to c:\agent\_work\_tasks\ (default path).
- Follows the instructions given inside the task.json file.
